x86-64 call stack

The call stack is a special stack data structure that your computer uses to manage function calls. Every time a function is called, a call frame is pushed onto the stack containing the return address, function arguments (beyond what fits in registers), preserved registers, and space for local variables. When the function returns, its call frame is popped and execution jumps back to the return address - this is how your program knows exactly where to continue after a function finishes.